AWS A5.18 Classification

AWS A5.18 is an American Welding Society (AWS) specification that classifies consumable carbon steel electrodes and rods specifically designed for Gas Shielded Arc Welding (GSAW) processes. Here’s an overview of key information regarding AWS A5.18 classification:

Application: This specification focuses on consumable electrodes and rods used for welding carbon steels using GSAW processes. These processes utilize inert or semi-inert gases to shield the molten weld pool from atmospheric contamination. Common GSAW processes include Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), also known as MIG welding, and Flux-Cored Arc Welding (FCAW).

Classification System: AWS A5.18 employs a coding system to classify electrodes and rods based on their chemical composition and mechanical properties of the weld metal they produce. This classification helps in selecting the most suitable consumable for specific carbon steel GSAW applications.

Code Format: The AWS A5.18 classification code typically follows these formats:

• ERXXXX (U.S. customary units): Indicates electrode or rod filling metal with "ER" denoting electrode/rod and XXXX representing specific properties (e.g., ER70S-6).
• ERXXXX-M (SI units): Similar structure as U.S. customary units but using International System of Units (SI) for measurements.

Key Parts of the Code:

• First Number (e.g., 70): Indicates minimum tensile strength of deposited weld metal in ksi for U.S. customary units or in MPa for ERXXXX-M.
• Letter(s): Represents factors like welding position (e.g., "S" for all positions), coating type (e.g., "-3" for increased silicon content), or special characteristics.
• Last Numbers: Indicate additional specific properties or flux types used with the electrode/rod.

Applications: AWS A5.18 classified consumables are used extensively across various industries for welding carbon steels, including automotive manufacturing (body panels, frames), construction (building beams, columns), fabrication shops (various carbon steel products), and shipbuilding (ship hulls, components).

Benefits of Using AWS A5.18 Classified Consumables:

• Standardized Performance: Ensures consistent properties of electrodes/rods, leading to predictable weld quality.
• Selection Guidance: Facilitates selection of the appropriate consumable based on factors such as desired weld strength and position.